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Volcanism-induced tsunamis and tsunamiites
Nishimura, Y. (2008). Volcanism-induced tsunamis and tsunamiites, in: Shiki, T. et al. (Ed.) Tsunamiites: features and implications. pp. 163-184
In: Shiki, T. et al. (2008). Tsunamiites: Features and implications. Elsevier: Amsterdam. ISBN 978-0-444-51552-0. xiii, 411 pp., more

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Keywords
    Hazards > Geological hazards > Volcanic eruptions
    Rocks > Igneous rocks > Volcanic rocks > Pumice
    Sediments > Clastics > Sand
    Water waves > Surface water waves > Tsunamis
    Marine/Coastal
Author keywords
    Tsunami, Tsunamiite, Volcanic eruption, Pumiceous sand

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  • Nishimura, Y.

Abstract
    Seven recent case studies on volcanism-induced tsunami deposits are reviewed. These regard the tsunamis related to the Managua, Santorini, Aniakchak, Komagatake, Kurakatau, Rabaul and Karymskoye eruptions. The most distinct feature of these tsunami deposits is a 'pumiceous sand' layer. This is a mixture of pumice and beach sand; both are transported and deposited inland by a tsunami. The possible origin of the pumice in the layer is drift pumice, reworked pumice and primary pumice fallout during the tsunami run-up. This unique sediment layer is often observed in near-source tsunami deposits of volcanic origin. Chronological correlation of tephra and tsunami deposits provides a rare opportunity to study the tsunami-generating process during the eruption. Volcanism-induced tsunami deposits are informative, especially for studies of eruptionrelated tsunamis that occurred in the prehistory.

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