Orientation des techniques d'élevage de la pisciculture artisanale dans le Centre Ouest de la Côte d'Ivoire
Copin, Y.; Oswald, M. (1993). Orientation des techniques d'élevage de la pisciculture artisanale dans le Centre Ouest de la Côte d'Ivoire, in: Barnabé, G. et al. Production, environment and quality: Proceedings of the International Conference Bordeaux Aquaculture '92, Bordeaux, France, March 25-27, 1992. EAS Special Publication, 18: pp. 407-419
In: Barnabé, G.; Kestemont, P. (Ed.) (1993). Production, environment and quality: Proceedings of the International Conference Bordeaux Aquaculture '92, Bordeaux, France, March 25-27, 1992. Special Publication European Aquaculture Society, 18. European Aquaculture Society: Gent. 587 pp., more
In: Special Publication European Aquaculture Society. European Aquaculture Society: Bredene. ISSN 0774-0689, more
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| Abstract |
Developing fish farming among the agricultural world of an African district has led to the orientation of the techniques according to the practice used by the local fishfarmers. In the west of the Ivory Coast, watching the local suburban fishfarmers (some have been living on this activity for 5 years) reveals a real ability to put into use a complex fishfarming technicality and at the same time an impossibility to advance towards more "intensive" techniques (referring to financial investment). Initially, these fishfarmers have adopted a single sex breeding technique Oreochromis niloticus associated to a predator and also have their own fry production. The inputs are rice bran and an organic fertilizer (breeding and slaughterhouse wastes). The fishfarmers sell Oreochromis when they reach the average weight of 200g. Net yields of Oreochromis often exceed the 4t.ha-1.yr-1. The fishfarmers have also adopted the polyculture with Heterotis niloticus and Heterobranchus isopterus. Frequently the yields reached for these species are respectively found between 0.8 and 1.2t.ha-1.yr-1 and 0.6 and 0.8t.ha-1.yr-1. The way how this technique has been set up is explained. This polyculture increases the production value. Fry production exceeds the farmer's needs for Heterotis, but they still depend on the catch in open surrounding water for Heterobranchus, artificial spawning has, however, been successfully tested on the farms. The choice of these techniques used by the local fishfarmers leads towards a larger use of labour (abundant factor) instead of capital (scarse factor) on their fishfarming units. The fishfarmers do not worry about the present economic crisis because the selling price depends essentially on how they pay their work, and fish meat is still the most accessible protein. To conclude, paths taken by the fishfarmers do not lead to an extensification nor an intensification but to an extensification of the capital and an intensification of the labour by area used. The fishfarming evolution can only be understood if we integrate all the farming system evolution of the fishfarmers concerned. |
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