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Lithofacies and depositional pattern of sea floor sediments in the North Banda Sea, Indonesia
Situmorang, M. (1989). Lithofacies and depositional pattern of sea floor sediments in the North Banda Sea, Indonesia. Neth. J. Sea Res. 24(4): 405-413
In: Netherlands Journal of Sea Research. Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ): Groningen; Den Burg. ISSN 0077-7579; e-ISSN 1873-1406, more
Peer reviewed article  

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Keyword
    Marine/Coastal

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  • Situmorang, M.

Abstract
    A systematic coring and seismic survey across the northern Banda Arc reveals various Quaternary lithofacies deposited in particular morphotectonic environments. Terrigenous and volcanogenic deposits exist in volcanic arc areas, in step-faulted basins and large local structural escarpments with steep slopes which generate debris and mass-gravity flows. Sedimentologic data suggest that volcanogenic sediments are derived from the Bandaneira volcanic complex. The eastern part is marked by benches and notches that exhibit peculiar flat-lying layers mostly of sandy turbidites. Silt turbidites are found in the deepest part in the Weber Deep. Furthermore, spatial distribution of the gravels and their lithology suggest source areas in the west and northeast. Whilst the structural highs represented by isolated sharp ridges are characterized by the presence of gravel deposits, slumping and mass-gravity flows play a major role in sediment deposition. Seram Trench is indicated by distinct flat-lying seismic reflections of trench-fill deposits of pelagic and turbidite deposits. The continental slopes consist of blocks of slides and slumps, and are prone to slumping. They are covered by ooze and pelagic deposits. On the other hand a flat terrace-like morphology represents the continental shelf with uniform, consistent lithology of biogenous sand and mud.

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