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Production and consumption rates of oxygen, and vrtical oxygen structure in the upper 300 m in the eastern Banda Sea during and after the upwelling season, August 1984 and February/March 1985
Tijssen, S.B.; Mulder, M.; Wetsteyn, F.J. (1990). Production and consumption rates of oxygen, and vrtical oxygen structure in the upper 300 m in the eastern Banda Sea during and after the upwelling season, August 1984 and February/March 1985. Neth. J. Sea Res. 25(4): 485-499
In: Netherlands Journal of Sea Research. Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ): Groningen; Den Burg. ISSN 0077-7579; e-ISSN 1873-1406, more
Peer reviewed article  

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Keyword
    Marine/Coastal

Authors  Top 
  • Tijssen, S.B.
  • Mulder, M.
  • Wetsteyn, F.J.

Abstract
    About 50 daily production and consumption estimates were obtained by high precision oxygen measurements in the eastern Banda Sea (Indonesia) during the southeast monsoon (August 1984) and during the northwest monsoon (February/March 1985). During both cruises, the respiration in the upper 100 to 150 m was determined by 24-h incubations at 11 survey stations, and the in situ diurnal O2 rhythm in the upper 40 m was followed at tour drift stations over 36-h periods. Combined results gave a net oxygen production - defined as the daylight primary production - of at least 154 mmol·m-2·(12 h)-1 for August 1984, and of 82 for February/March 1985. This suggests an annual primary production of about 500 g C·m². This estimate is conservative as one very high diurnal amplitude of more than 12 g C·m-2·(12 h)-1 observed at an upwelling site in the Aru Basin was excluded. In August 1984, in the upwelling season, small-scale (~ 2 km) spatial standard deviation of the O2 concentrations of the upper layer was nearly one order of magnitude larger than in February/March 1985; large-scale (~200 km) spatial standard deviation was only 3 times higher. Supersaturation of the surface layer in August 1984 had changed markedly at some sites revisited after 1 to 3 weeks, pointing to a highly dynamic ecosystem in and downstream of the area with upwelling. Mean fluxes of oxygen into the atmosphere were estimated at 7.3 and 5.1 mmol·m-2·d-1, tor August 1984 and February/ March 1985, respectively. During both cruises oxygen concentrations at the 18°, 15° and 12°C temperature levels (in the depth range of 150 to 300 m) were lowest in the southeastern part of the study area, close to the shallow Arafura Sea. Mean values and the west-east trend observed decreased from August 1984 to February 1985. However, changes between cruises were relatively small, implying that upwelling was mainly limited to the upper 150 m.

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