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L'élevage de la seiche (Sepia officinalis L. mollusque céphalopode) = Culture of the cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis L. cephalopod mollusc)
Richard, A. (1976). L'élevage de la seiche (Sepia officinalis L. mollusque céphalopode) = Culture of the cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis L. cephalopod mollusc), in: Persoone, G. et al. (Ed.) Proceedings of the 10th European Symposium on Marine Biology, Ostend, Belgium, Sept. 17-23, 1975: 1. Research in mariculture at laboratory- and pilot scale. pp. 359-380
In: Persoone, G.; Jaspers, E. (Ed.) (1976). Proceedings of the 10th European Symposium on Marine Biology, Ostend, Belgium, Sept. 17-23, 1975: 1. Research in mariculture at laboratory- and pilot scale. IZWO: Wetteren. ISBN 90-6281-001-2. 620 pp., more
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Document type: Conference paper
Keyword
    Marine/Coastal
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  • Richard, A.
Abstract
    Experimental rearing of cuttlefish has been carried out for about 10 years. It was possible to maintain several successive generations obtained from eggs and to rear several thousands of animals. The inflow in the open-system tanks is adjusted to obtain a reduced discharge seeming to better suit the cuttlefish that like the quiet bottom waters of the tanks. The indispensable oxygenation is obtained with air compressors. Thermostatic electric heating is used to assure the thermic minimum of 7°C (lethal temperature) and provide during winter a minimal temperature of 9 to 10°C that is sought by cuttlefish during their migratory cycle in the Channel. A layer of fine sand (granules of 0.2-0.5 mm) recreates the natural environment in which the cuttlefish hides during daytime. A dim light is most suited for this organism whose activity is mostly nocturnal. One of the essential conditions for survival is to limit the number of cuttlefish allowing them to be covered by sand without hindering each other. The optimal density is estimated to be less than 1/10 (ratio of the animal's surface to the tank surface). A higher number of animals (densities of 1/6 to 1/3) no longer assures the growth homogeneity of the lots. The food supply is the important factor: the cuttlefish seek living preys they capture on sight. It is necessary to assure a regular varied but non excessive supply of preys having about half of the size of the cuttlefish. A first stage can be recognized from 1-3 days after hatching (end of yolk resorption) in which the cuttlefish starts to hunt amphipodes (Marinogammarus sp.). In cultures the amphipodes replace the Mysidacea that make up the main food of the cuttlefish in the natural environment. As soon as the cuttlefish reaches 2-3 cm other crustaceans are provided such as shrimps (Crangon sp.) and small crabs (Carcinus sp. and Macropipus sp.). as well as fishes (Clupeidae, Mugilidae, Pleuronectidae) of appropriate size. The survival rate exceeding 80 % allows to augur the possibility of expanding the rearing to pilot installations in undeep industrially heated effluents, when the market demand will make rearing competitive with fishing.
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