Atrazine - Bewerkingsoverzicht

Daphnisd op 19 mrt 2013 om 15:29

2013-03-19T15:29:25Z

Daphnisd op 2 okt 2009 om 11:47

2009-10-02T11:47:41Z

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2009-10-02T11:47:24Z

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Daphnisd op 2 okt 2009 om 11:36

2009-10-02T11:36:11Z

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2009-10-02T11:35:53Z

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Daphnisd: /* Notes */

2009-08-27T09:55:22Z

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Daphnisd: /* Notes */

2009-08-27T08:50:06Z

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Daphnisd: /* Notes */

2009-08-27T08:49:31Z

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Daphnisd: /* Notes */

2009-08-27T08:44:17Z

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Daphnisd: /* */

2009-08-27T08:42:13Z

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@@ Regel 1: / Regel 1: @@
-===  ===
+{{Tocright}}
 {{Definition|title= atrazine
@@ Regel 43: / Regel 43: @@
 ==References==
 <references/>
+{{author
 [[Category:Coastal and marine pollution]]

@@ Regel 23: / Regel 23: @@
 Atrazine has a very low tendency to [[bioaccumulation|bioaccumulate]] and is therefore not expected to [[biomagnification|biomagnify]] through [[food chain|food chains]].
-Atrazine has a moderate [[toxic|toxicity]] in crustaceans and fish; acute lethal effects can induced by concentrations above 3mg/l, although some fish and crustacean species can tolerate atrazine concentrations above 80 mg/l. Phytoplankton is more vulnerable as toxic effects occur at concentrations of 60 µg/l. There have been reports that low concentrations of only 20 µg/l could change the behaviour of amphibians. Atrazine has also been suspected to induce [[endocrine disrupting compounds|endocrine disrupting effects]] in amphibians and mammals.
+Atrazine has a moderate [[toxic|toxicity]] in crustaceans and fish; acute lethal effects can induced by concentrations above 3mg/l, although some fish and crustacean species can tolerate atrazine concentrations above 80 mg/l. Phytoplankton is more vulnerable as toxic effects occur at concentrations of 60 µg/l. There have been reports that low concentrations of only 20 µg/l could change the behaviour of amphibians. Atrazine has also been suspected to induce [[endocrine disrupting compounds|endocrine disrupting effects]] in amphibians and mammals<ref name="Epa">[http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/atrazine_combined_docs.pdf Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Atrazine, U.S. EPA, January, 2003.]</ref>.
 <ref name="Epa">[http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/atrazine_combined_docs.pdf Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Atrazine, U.S. EPA, January, 2003.]</ref>
 <P>
 <BR>

@@ Regel 17: / Regel 17: @@
 |}
-Atrazine was first used in the United States in 1959 where it currently still is one of the most widely used agricultural pesticides, with an annual production of over 35.000 tonnes. It is mainly used in sorghum, corn and sugarcane cultivation. It is released in the environment both from production sites as from its use as a herbicide.
+Atrazine was first used in 1959 in the United States, where it currently still is one of the most widely used agricultural pesticides, with an annual production of over 35.000 tonnes. It is mainly used in sorghum, corn and sugarcane cultivation. It is released in the environment both from production sites as from its use as a herbicide.
+<P>
+Atrazine has a moderate water solubility of 30 mg/l, which makes it quite mobile in the environment. It is also [[persistent]] with a [[half-life]] in water of 150 days, and an even longer one in the soil. It has a relatively low tendency to [[adsorption|adsorb]] to soils or particles. Therefore, atrazine is expected to be present in surface water and groundwater. It has a low tendency to evaporate to the atmosphere and might afterwards be deposited by rainfall, although it is rapidly degraded in the atmosphere.
-Atrazine has a moderate water solubility of 30 mg/l and is therefore quite mobile the environment. It is also persistent with a [[half-life]] in water of 150 days, and an even longer one in the soil. It has a relatively low tendency to [[adsorption|adsorb]] to soils or particles. Therefore, atrazine is expected to be present in surface water and groundwater. It also has a low tendency to evaporate to the atmosphere and might afterwards be deposited by rainfall, although it is rapidly degraded in the atmosphere.
 Atrazine has a very low tendency to [[bioaccumulation|bioaccumulate]] and is therefore not expected to [[biomagnification|biomagnify]] through [[food chain|food chains]].
-Atrazine has a moderate toxicity in crustaceans and fish; concentrations above 3mg/l are necessary to induce acute lethal effects. Some fish and crustacean species can even tolerate atrazine concentrations above 80 mg/l. Phytoplankton is more vulnerable as toxic effects occur at concentrations of only 60 µg/l. There have been reports that low concentrations of only 20 µg/l could change the behaviour of amphibians. Atrazine has also been suspected to induce [[endocrine disrupting compounds|endocrine disrupting effects]] in amphibians and mammals.
+Atrazine has a moderate [[toxic|toxicity]] in crustaceans and fish; acute lethal effects can induced by concentrations above 3mg/l, although some fish and crustacean species can tolerate atrazine concentrations above 80 mg/l. Phytoplankton is more vulnerable as toxic effects occur at concentrations of 60 µg/l. There have been reports that low concentrations of only 20 µg/l could change the behaviour of amphibians. Atrazine has also been suspected to induce [[endocrine disrupting compounds|endocrine disrupting effects]] in amphibians and mammals.
 <ref name="Epa">[http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/atrazine_combined_docs.pdf Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Atrazine, U.S. EPA, January, 2003.]</ref>
 <P>

@@ Regel 2: / Regel 2: @@
 {{Definition|title= atrazine
-|definition= Atrazine is an organic compound which is  widely used as a herbicide. Atrazine is controversial due to its effects on nontarget species, such as on amphibians. Its use was banned from the European Union in 2004 but it remains one of the most widely used herbicides in the U.S<ref name="Wiki">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrazine www.wikipedia.org August 13 2009]</ref>. }}
+|definition= Atrazine is an organic compound which is  widely used as a herbicide. Atrazine is controversial due to its effects on nontarget species, such as on amphibians. Its use was banned from the European Union in 2004 but it remains one of the most widely used herbicides in the U.S.A.<ref name="Wiki">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrazine www.wikipedia.org August 13 2009]</ref>. }}
 == Notes ==

@@ Regel 2: / Regel 2: @@
 {{Definition|title= atrazine
-|definition= Atrazine is an organic compound which is  widely used as a herbicide. Its use is controversial due to its effects on nontarget species, such as on amphibians. Its use was banned in the European Union in 2004 but it remains one of the most widely used herbicides in the U.S. . <ref name="Wiki">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrazine www.wikipedia.org August 13 2009]</ref> }}
+|definition= Atrazine is an organic compound which is  widely used as a herbicide. Atrazine is controversial due to its effects on nontarget species, such as on amphibians. Its use was banned from the European Union in 2004 but it remains one of the most widely used herbicides in the U.S<ref name="Wiki">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrazine www.wikipedia.org August 13 2009]</ref>. }}
 == Notes ==

@@ Regel 22: / Regel 22: @@
 Atrazine has a moderate water solubility of 30 mg/l and is therefore quite mobile the environment. It is also persistent with a [[half-life]] in water of 150 days, and an even longer one in the soil. It has a relatively low tendency to [[adsorption|adsorb]] to soils or particles. Therefore, atrazine is expected to be present in surface water and groundwater. It also has a low tendency to evaporate to the atmosphere and might afterwards be deposited by rainfall, although it is rapidly degraded in the atmosphere.
-It has a very low tendency to [[bioaccumulation|bioaccumulate]] and is therefore not expected to [[biomagnification|biomagnify]] through [[food chain|food chains]].
+Atrazine has a very low tendency to [[bioaccumulation|bioaccumulate]] and is therefore not expected to [[biomagnification|biomagnify]] through [[food chain|food chains]].
-It has a moderate toxicity in crustaceans and fish; concentrations above 3mg/l are necessary to induce acute lethal effects. Some fish and crustacean species can even tolerate Atrazine concentrations above 80 mg/l. Phytoplankton is more vulnerable as toxic effects occur at concentrations of only 60 µg/l. There have been reports that low concentrations of only 20 µg/l could change the behaviour of amphibians. Atrazine has also been suspected to induce [[endocrine disrupting compounds|endocrine disrupting effects]] in amphibians and mammals.
+Atrazine has a moderate toxicity in crustaceans and fish; concentrations above 3mg/l are necessary to induce acute lethal effects. Some fish and crustacean species can even tolerate Atrazine concentrations above 80 mg/l. Phytoplankton is more vulnerable as toxic effects occur at concentrations of only 60 µg/l. There have been reports that low concentrations of only 20 µg/l could change the behaviour of amphibians. Atrazine has also been suspected to induce [[endocrine disrupting compounds|endocrine disrupting effects]] in amphibians and mammals.
 <ref name="Epa">[http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/atrazine_combined_docs.pdf Interim Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Atrazine, U.S. EPA, January, 2003.]</ref>
 <P>

← Oudere versie		Versie van 27 aug 2009 om 08:44
Regel 17:		Regel 17:
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−	Atrazine was first used in the United States in 1959~~. It~~ currently still is one of the most widely used agricultural pesticides ~~in the United States~~, with an annual production of over 35.000 tonnes. It is mainly used in sorghum, corn and sugarcane cultivation. It is released in the environment both from production sites as from its use as a herbicide.	+	Atrazine was first used in the United States in 1959 where it currently still is one of the most widely used agricultural pesticides, with an annual production of over 35.000 tonnes. It is mainly used in sorghum, corn and sugarcane cultivation. It is released in the environment both from production sites as from its use as a herbicide.