Marine Biotechnology in Belgium - Bewerkingsoverzicht

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== Overarching science strategies, plans...

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== Overarching science strategies, plans and policies ==

There is no specific Marine Biotechnology strategy, plan or policy in Belgium. Overarching Belgian Science & Technology Policy for the period 2010-2014 is described in different Policy documents, including:

* '''Annual Policy note''' of the Belgian Federal Minister of Science Policy<ref name="not">http://www.dekamer.be/FLWB/PDF/53/1964/53K1964021.pdf</ref>.

* '''Policy note''' of the Flemish Minister of Science Policy <ref name="spo">http://www4.vlaanderen.be/dar/svr/afbeeldingennieuwtjes/over-svr/2010-07-02-beleidsnota2009-2014.pdf </ref>.

* '''Flanders In Action (VIA)''' <ref name="via">http://vlaandereninactie.be/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/ViA_brochure1.pdf </ref>

== Research funding schemes and programmes ==

There are no specific National Research Funding Programmes dedicated specifically to Marine Biotechnology, but marine biotech research activities may be funded under a wide range of federal and regional instruments. The main research funding organisations are the Department of Economy Science and Innovation ('''EWI''') of the Flemish government, the Research Foundation - Flanders ('''FWO''') and the Flemish government agency for Innovation by Science and Technology ('''IWT''') in Flanders, the Walloon Research Foundation ('''FNRS''') in Wallonia and the Belgian Science Policy Office ('''Belspo''') at the Federal level.

* At the federal level, Marine Research is supported under the '''Science for a Sustainable Development Programme (SSD)''' <ref name="ssd"> http://www.belspo.be/SSD</ref> managed by the Belgian Science Policy Office <ref name="bel"> http://www.belspo.be</ref>, with a database of funded projects <ref name="dat">http://www.belspo.be/belspo/fedra/pres_en.stm</ref> and a description of the North Sea (sub)programme since 1970<ref name="nsp">http://www.belspo.be/northsea</ref>.

* At the regional level, funding from organisations such as FWO and IWT in Flanders and FNRS in Wallonia is based on excellence with yearly competitive proposal submissions for personal grants and working funds. In most cases, funding is bottom up and valorisation of research is an important criteria.

==Research priorities==
::* Metabolomics
::* Bioprospecting
::* Feed production and disease control (vaccines, probiotics, ...) in aquaculture
::* Metagenomics, model organisms
::* Biofuels from algae
::* Omega 3, lipids and chitosan as functional foods
::* Biosensors

== Strategic documents ==

* A full comprehensive overview of science policy in Belgium at all levels (Federal, Regional and Communities) is provided in '''Belgian Report on Science, Technology and Innovation 2010'''<ref name="brs">http://www.belspo.be/belspo/home/publ/pub_ostc/BRISTI/Bristi_tome1_2010_en.pdf </ref>.

== Infrastructures and coordination and support capacities / initiatives ==

* In Flanders there are a range of relevant networks and research institutes with relevant activities. The most important ones are:

::* '''Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)''' - VIB is a life sciences research institute in Flanders, Belgium. With more than 1200 scientists from over 60 countries, we perform basic research into the molecular foundations of life.VIB is an excellence-based entrepreneurial institute that focuses on translating basic scientific results into pharmaceutical, agricultural and industrial applications. VIB works in close partnership with four universities − UGent, K.U.Leuven, University of Antwerp and Vrije Universiteit Brussel and is funded by the Flemish government. There a number of bio-incubators either linked to the universities or the VIB <ref name="vib">http://www.vib.be</ref>.

::* Flemish Marine biotechnology Platform '''Mariene Biotechnologie Platform Vlaanderen''' is a multi-disciplinary collaboration between industry and academia in the field of marine biotechnology in the Flanders region, Belgium.

::* The network '''Aquacultuur Vlaanderen''' provides a platform of researchers, industry representatives, ngo’s and other stakeholders involved or interested in aquaculture research and commercialization. It can be considered as an independent advisory body for research and policy in the area of aquaculture in Belgium and Europe <ref name="aqu">http://www.aquacultuurvlaanderen.be/</ref>.

::* Flemish platform for Algae Research ('''Vlaams Algen Platform''')<ref name="vap">http://www.fi-sch.be/nl/programmas/micro-algen/vlaams-algen-platform/</ref>

::* Industrial Biotech Cluster Flanders ('''CINBIOS''')<ref name="cin">http://cinbios.be </ref>

::* Flanders strategic Initiative for Sustainable Chemistry ('''FISCH''')<ref name="fis">http://www.fi-sch.be/</ref>

::* '''Bio-based Europe''' is an open innovation and education centre for the bio-based economy jointly supported by Flanders and The Netherlands. It offers state-of-the-art research and training facilities to speed up the economic growth, innovation capacity, and sustainable development of the economy. The Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant in Ghent (Belgium) offers the capability to use common research and pilot bio-refinery infrastructure, thus shortening development time and minimizing costs<ref name="bbe">http://www.bbeu.org </ref>.

::* There are a number of Technology parks installed in major cities such as Ghent, Leuven, Antwerp and Hasselt. While they are broader in scope they have important biotechnology activities including marine aspects.

* The Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) is funding and coordinating the '''Belgian Co-ordinated Collections of Micro-organisms (BCCM™)'''<ref name="bcc">http://bccm.belspo.be/index.php</ref> consisting of seven complementary research-based service culture collections among others diatoms and cyanobacteria collections. The BCCM™ consortium aims to share the biological material of its collections, related information, as well as its experience and know-how in the field of fundamental and applied (micro)biology, to the benefit of its partners and clients in the academic and industrial communities.

* The '''Joint Experimental Molecular Unit (JEMU)''' <ref name="jem">http://jemu.myspecies.info/about-jemu</ref> is an integrated research infrastructure funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) and supported by the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS, Brussels) and the Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA, Tervuren). JEMU aims at supporting scientific research on natural history collections in the fields of DNA barcoding, phylogeny reconstruction and archiving biological specimens.

* In 2012, Belgium operates 1 local/coastal vessels of 36 m (Simon Stevin), 2 regional vessels of 49,55 (Ter Streep) and 50,90 m (Belgica, operated by MUMM<ref name="mum">http://www.mumm.ac.be/NL/</ref>), and 1 oceanic vessel of 56,6 (Zeeleeuw, operated by VLIZ <ref name="vli">http://www.vliz.be</ref>) registered at the European Research Vessels Infobase <ref name="eur">http://www.eurocean.org</ref>.

* In 2012, Belgium maintains about 3 large marine research equipments registered in the European large Exchangeable instruments database <ref name="eur">http://www.eurocean.org</ref>.

== Major initiatives ==

There are currently no overarching national initiatives on Marine Biotechnology. There are some thematic and cross-cutting coordination activities in Flanders (see above).
One of the most important recent initiatives at the Flemish level is the establishment, early 2012, of the Flemish Marine biotechnology Platform '''Mariene Biotechnologie Platform Vlaanderen'''. This platform was initiated by Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), the Flemish Ministry of Science and Innovation (EWI), the Flemish Government to bring together researchers, industry, biodiversity users, policy makers/advisors and all other actors involved in marine biotech research in Flanders to discuss the opportunities and map the existing capacity and expertise in Flanders as well as the potential for the future. Members include relevant scientists and experts from all research performing organisations in Flanders (Universities, Flemish Institute for Biotechnology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research etc.) and two major research funding agencies (FWO Flanders and IWT) as well as private companies with an interest in marine biotechnology (ixX Pharma, Proviron, OVOLIFE, etc.). The platform aims to increase the visibility of marine biotechnology in Flanders which may contribute to the general recognition of the research, promote Interdisciplinarity and lead to improved cooperation with experts from the industry. A webportal is being developed and is expected to be accessible in 2013.

== References ==
<references/>

== Disclaimer==

This draft country profile is based on available online information sources and contributions from various country experts and stakeholders. It does not aim nor claim to be complete or final, but should be considered as a dynamic and living information resource that will be elaborated, updated and improved as more information becomes available, including further inputs from experts and stakeholders.

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