Difference between revisions of "Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management"

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Coastal and marine environments are usually characterized by beautiful landscapes and rich ecosystems of great importance. They also attract human activities such us tourist and industrial uses and offer important natural elements such us rich biodiversity. Besides the natural hazards (e.g. erosion), another issue that has to be dealt is the co-existence between human activities and natural resources that often creates problems that hold back development and protection procedures.
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Management policies are an important means of implementing contemporary planning. Their basic advantages are the attraction of economic resources and the participation of local factors. The development of a coastal and marine spatial planning system presents an opportunity for an encouragement of an overall strategy of conservation, sustainability, and management to maximise future economic profit.
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Coastal and marine environments are usually characterized by beautiful landscapes and rich ecosystems of great importance, offering elements such as rich biodiversity. They also attract human activities such as tourism and industrial uses. However, the co-existence of human activities and natural resources often creates conflicts of use in the coastal zone.  
  
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Management policies are an important means of implementing planning in order to minimise, prevent or resolve use conflicts. The development of a coastal and marine spatial planning system presents an opportunity for the implementation of an overall strategy of conservation, sustainability and management to maximise future economic profit.
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[[Image:estuary.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Coastal Ecosystems]]
  
 
===Spatial Planning===
 
===Spatial Planning===
  
The role of [[Spatial Planning]] used to appear intensively in actions about economic and social development. Gradually, environmental dimensions were taken into account, especially through the appearance of [[Sustainable Development]] in environmentally important areas. Spatial Planning in Europe promotes environmental sustainability examining the concept of development which meets environmental, social and economic needs of present and future generations as well as policy and planning instruments to promote such development. It also encourages spatial integration of development perspectives demonstrating how [[social cohesion]], regional innovation and sustainable development can interplay in real planning situations, using policies and planning tools, such us [http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eia/home.htm Environmental Impact Assessment] and [http://ec.europa.eu/environment/forum/spatreport_en.pdf European Spatial Development Perspective].
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Previously, the role of [[spatial planning]] focussed intensively on economic and social development. Gradually, environmental dimensions were taken into account, especially through the appearance of [[sustainable development]] in environmentally important areas. Spatial planning in Europe promotes environmental sustainability, examining the concept of development which meets environmental, social and economic needs of present and future generations as well as policy and planning instruments to promote such development. It also encourages spatial integration of development perspectives demonstrating how [[social cohesion]], regional innovation and sustainable development can interplay in real planning situations, using policies and planning tools, such as [http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eia/home.htm Environmental Impact Assessment] and [http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docoffic/official/reports/pdf/sum_en.pdf European Spatial Development Perspective].
  
Through the use of [[Geographical Information Systems]], Spatial Planning has managed to define and map coastal and marine areas. It is essential to examine not only environmental impacts of individual activities but to research cumulative effects of several different activities occurring in an area. Mapping coastal and marine areas in detail allows an opportunity to identify them at particular risk from possible pollution or excessive disturbance and to examine in detail how many activities are occurring.
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Through the use of Geographical Information Systems ([[Definition GIS|GIS]]), spatial planning has been used to define and map coastal and marine areas. It is essential to examine not only environmental impacts of individual activities but to research cumulative effects of multiple activities occurring in an area. Mapping coastal and marine areas in detail allows the opportunity to identify those areas at particular risk from possible pollution or excessive disturbance and to examine in detail how many activities are occurring.
  
 
===Integrated Coastal Zone Management===
 
===Integrated Coastal Zone Management===
  
[[Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)]] is a dynamic, continuous and iterative process designed to promote sustainable management of coastal zones. ICZM projects cover various geographical areas. Some cover areas with more localized character while others apply to spatially large coastal areas. The “Integrated” in ICZM refers both to the integration of objectives and to the integration of the multiple instruments needed to meet these objectives. It means integration of all relevant policy areas, sectors, and levels of administration. It means integration of the terrestrial and marine components of the target territory. It also refers to four types of integration: spatial, temporal, vertical and horizontal.  
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[[Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)]] is a dynamic, continuous and iterative process designed to promote sustainable management of coastal zones. ICZM projects cover various geographical areas, from local regions to spatially extensive [[coastal area]]s. The “Integrated” in ICZM refers both to the integration of objectives and to the integration of the multiple instruments needed to meet these objectives. ICZM includes the integration of all relevant policy areas, sectors, and levels of administration as well as the terrestrial and marine components of the geographical area under consideration. The word 'Integrated' also refers to four types of integration: spatial, temporal, vertical and horizontal.
 
 
  
 
===Comparing Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management===
 
===Comparing Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management===
  
A common characteristic between Spatial Planning and ICZM is to define, develop and protect coastal zone, ICZM in more allocated areas while Spatial Planning in a larger scale, targeting at the best possible embodiment of coastal areas in a larger spatial aggregation. Both share policies with the same goal, the confrontation of land use conflicts for the development and conservation of coastal and marine environment. One the one hand, Spatial Planning in a national level is essential examining actions in urban and regional coastal zones. On the other hand, Coastal Zone Management seems to become more necessary day by day because of the increasing importance of coastal and marine exploitation/development and protection.  
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A common goal of spatial planning and ICZM is to define, develop and protect coastal zones; ICZM is most common at the local scale while spatial planning is often applied at larger scales. Both share policies with the same goal, the resolution of land use conflicts for the development and conservation of coastal and marine environment. Spatial planning at the national level is essential in order to examine the impact of human activities in urban and regional coastal zones. Coastal Zone Management is becoming increasingly necessar because of the increasing importance of coastal and marine exploitation/development and protection.  
  
 
An enabling environment at the European level could provide the framework in which countries can develop more appropriate integrated coastal zone management policies, including investment strategies, integrated development plans (spatial and functional) and resource management strategies.  
 
An enabling environment at the European level could provide the framework in which countries can develop more appropriate integrated coastal zone management policies, including investment strategies, integrated development plans (spatial and functional) and resource management strategies.  
  
The most important issue for both Spatial Planning and ICZM is the effective and successful implementation of planning systems and policies as well as a better understanding and definition of coastal and marine areas. A common perspective of European coasts must be adopted in order to improve management and planning of activities in coastal and marine areas.
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The most important issue for both spatial planning and ICZM are the effective and successful implementation of planning systems and policies as well as a better understanding and definition of coastal and marine areas. A common perspective of European coasts must be adopted in order to improve management and planning of activities in coastal and marine areas.
  
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[[Category:Spatial planning in coastal and marine zones]]
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[[Category:Integrated coastal zone management]]
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[[Category:Theme 3]]
  
 
{{author
 
{{author
|AuthorName=Papatheochari, Dora}}
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|AuthorID=13890
[[Category:Theme 3]]
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|AuthorName=Papatheochari, Dora
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|AuthorFullName=Papatheochari, Dora}}

Revision as of 16:31, 22 November 2008

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This article is recommended by the editorial team.

Coastal and marine environments are usually characterized by beautiful landscapes and rich ecosystems of great importance, offering elements such as rich biodiversity. They also attract human activities such as tourism and industrial uses. However, the co-existence of human activities and natural resources often creates conflicts of use in the coastal zone.

Management policies are an important means of implementing planning in order to minimise, prevent or resolve use conflicts. The development of a coastal and marine spatial planning system presents an opportunity for the implementation of an overall strategy of conservation, sustainability and management to maximise future economic profit.

Coastal Ecosystems

Spatial Planning

Previously, the role of spatial planning focussed intensively on economic and social development. Gradually, environmental dimensions were taken into account, especially through the appearance of sustainable development in environmentally important areas. Spatial planning in Europe promotes environmental sustainability, examining the concept of development which meets environmental, social and economic needs of present and future generations as well as policy and planning instruments to promote such development. It also encourages spatial integration of development perspectives demonstrating how social cohesion, regional innovation and sustainable development can interplay in real planning situations, using policies and planning tools, such as Environmental Impact Assessment and European Spatial Development Perspective.

Through the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS), spatial planning has been used to define and map coastal and marine areas. It is essential to examine not only environmental impacts of individual activities but to research cumulative effects of multiple activities occurring in an area. Mapping coastal and marine areas in detail allows the opportunity to identify those areas at particular risk from possible pollution or excessive disturbance and to examine in detail how many activities are occurring.

Integrated Coastal Zone Management

Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is a dynamic, continuous and iterative process designed to promote sustainable management of coastal zones. ICZM projects cover various geographical areas, from local regions to spatially extensive coastal areas. The “Integrated” in ICZM refers both to the integration of objectives and to the integration of the multiple instruments needed to meet these objectives. ICZM includes the integration of all relevant policy areas, sectors, and levels of administration as well as the terrestrial and marine components of the geographical area under consideration. The word 'Integrated' also refers to four types of integration: spatial, temporal, vertical and horizontal.

Comparing Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management

A common goal of spatial planning and ICZM is to define, develop and protect coastal zones; ICZM is most common at the local scale while spatial planning is often applied at larger scales. Both share policies with the same goal, the resolution of land use conflicts for the development and conservation of coastal and marine environment. Spatial planning at the national level is essential in order to examine the impact of human activities in urban and regional coastal zones. Coastal Zone Management is becoming increasingly necessar because of the increasing importance of coastal and marine exploitation/development and protection.

An enabling environment at the European level could provide the framework in which countries can develop more appropriate integrated coastal zone management policies, including investment strategies, integrated development plans (spatial and functional) and resource management strategies.

The most important issue for both spatial planning and ICZM are the effective and successful implementation of planning systems and policies as well as a better understanding and definition of coastal and marine areas. A common perspective of European coasts must be adopted in order to improve management and planning of activities in coastal and marine areas.

The main author of this article is Papatheochari, Dora
Please note that others may also have edited the contents of this article.

Citation: Papatheochari, Dora (2008): Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management. Available from http://www.coastalwiki.org/wiki/Spatial_Planning_and_Integrated_Coastal_Zone_Management [accessed on 28-03-2024]