Bromophenols, both present in marine organisms and in industrial flame retardants, disturb cellular Ca2+ signaling in neuroendocrine cells (PC12)
Hassenklöver, T.; Predehl, S.; Pilli, J.; Ledwolorz, J.; Assmann, M.; Bickmeyer, U. (2006). Bromophenols, both present in marine organisms and in industrial flame retardants, disturb cellular Ca2+ signaling in neuroendocrine cells (PC12). Aquat. Toxicol. 76(1): 37-45. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.09.004
In: Aquatic Toxicology. Elsevier Science: Tokyo; New York; London; Amsterdam. ISSN 0166-445X; e-ISSN 1879-1514, more
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| Keywords |
Algae
Materials > Hazardous materials > Biological poisons > Neurotoxins
Marine/Coastal |
| Author keywords |
calcium signaling; neurotoxicology; flame retardant; algae;2,4-dibromophenol; 2,4,6-tribromophenol |
| Authors | | Top |
- Hassenklöver, T.
- Predehl, S.
- Pilli, J.
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- Ledwolorz, J.
- Assmann, M.
- Bickmeyer, U.
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| Abstract |
Bromophenols are present in polychaetes as well as in algae in marine environments including the North Sea. They are thought to cause the typical sea-like taste and flavour. The ecological function of brominated phenols is not clear yet, but they may play a role in chemical defence and deterrence [Kicklighter, C.E., Kubaneck, J., Hay, M.E., 2004. Do brominated natural products defend marine worms from consumers? Some do, most don’t. Limnol. Oceanogr. 49, 430–441]. Some brominated phenols are commercially used as industrial flame retardants as, e.g., 2,4,6-tribromophenol and are suspected to disrupt the humoral system by showing tyroid hormone-like activity [Legler, I., Brouwer, A., 2003. Are brominated flame retardants endocrine disruptors? Environ. Int. 29, 879–885]. In this study 2-bromophenol (2-BP), 4-bromophenol (4-BP), 2,4-dibromophenol (2,4-DBP), 2,6-dibromophenol (2,6-DBP) and 2,4,6-tribromophenol (2,4,6-TBP), all of which are present in marine organisms, were tested. Especially 2,4-DBP and 2,4,6-TBP showed a significant effect on the Ca2+ homeostasis in endocrine cells (PC 12). The reduction of depolarization induced Ca2+ elevations by 2,4-DBP and 2,4,6-TBP and the increase of intracellular Ca2+ by both substances, partly released from intracellular stores, may suggest a link to the disrupting effect of endocrine systems by brominated phenols. 2,4-DBP was the most potent substance we tested in respect to inhibition of voltage dependent Ca2+ currents as revealed in whole cell patch clamp experiments. Brominated phenols disturb cellular Ca2+ signaling with differential efficacy, depending on the number and position of bromine. |
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