NARMS source details

Hooper, J.N.A. (2002). Family Microcionidae Carter, 1875. pp. 432-468. In: Hooper, J.N.A. & Van Soest, R.W.M. (eds.) Systema Porifera. Guide to the classification of sponges. Volume 1 (Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers: New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow).
9015
Hooper, J.N.A.
2002
Family Microcionidae Carter, 1875. pp. 432-468. <i>In</i>: Hooper, J.N.A. & Van Soest, R.W.M. (eds.) Systema Porifera. Guide to the classification of sponges. Volume 1 (Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers: New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow).
Publication
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Microcionidae Carter (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida), including Clathriidae, Ophlitaspongiidae, contains 77 nominal genera of which only 9 genera and 12 subgenera are considered to be valid (one incertae sedis). There are approximately 470 described (valid) species worldwide, living predominantly in shallow waters with a few recorded from deeper seas, and with many other species still collected but remaining undescribed. Microcionids typically have three skeletal regions delineated by the distribution of different structural megascleres: (1) the choanosomal skeleton (with principal monactinal spicules enclosed within spongin fibres and spined monactinal spicules typically echinating fibres; in two groups this is replaced by a basal or axial renieroid skeleton of smooth or acanthose styles or strongyles, with or without echinating spicules); (2) an extra-fibre subectosomal skeleton (with tracts of larger auxilIary monactinal spicules ascending to the surface); (3) and a non-tangential ectosomal skeleton (with smaller auxillary styles forming a surface crust perpendicular to the surface). Megascleres are predominantly smooth ectosomal and choanosomal styles, with some diactinal and acanthose modifications. Microscleres are palmate isochelae, only exceptionally modified to superficial arcuate-like or anchorate-like forms (produced by torsion of the shaft and detachment of alae), and toxas with diverse morphologies including microxea-like and raphidiform toxas in few species. Skeletal structures range from 'hymedesmioid' and 'microcionid' in encrusting taxa, to plumo-reticulate and occasionally axially compressed in some species, but usually irregularly reticulate in most taxa. Occasionally spicules are partially or completely replaced by detritus. Two subfamilies are recognised: Ophlitaspongiinae de Laubenfels (with a secondary renieroid spongin fibre and/or spiculose skeleton overlaying a primary reticulate, plumo-reticulate, plumose or hymedesmioid spiculo-spongin skeleton) and Microcioninae Carter (lacking a secondary renieroid reticulate skeleton, having only a reticulate, plumo-reticulate, plumose hymedesmoid, microcionid or axially compressed primary skeleton).
Systematics, Taxonomy
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Antho Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Antho (Acarnia) Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Antho (Antho) Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Antho (Antho) arcitenens (Topsent, 1892) (basis of record)
Antho (Antho) involvens (Schmidt, 1864) (basis of record)
Antho (Plocamia) Schmidt, 1870 (additional source)
Artemisina Vosmaer, 1885 (basis of record)
Artemisina arcigera (Schmidt, 1870) (basis of record)
Artemisina suberitoides Vosmaer, 1885 accepted as Artemisina arcigera (Schmidt, 1870) (basis of record)
Clathria Schmidt, 1862 (basis of record)
Clathria (Clathria) Schmidt, 1862 (basis of record)
Clathria (Clathria) frondiculata (Schmidt, 1864) (basis of record)
Clathria (Clathria) intermedia (Burton, 1930) accepted as Clathria (Paresperia) anchorata (Carter, 1874) (new combination reference)
Clathria (Microciona) Bowerbank, 1862 (basis of record)
Clathria (Thalysias) Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 (basis of record)
Echinoclathria Carter, 1885 (basis of record)
Hymantho Burton, 1930 accepted as Clathria (Microciona) Bowerbank, 1862 (basis of record)
Leptoclathria Topsent, 1928 accepted as Clathria (Microciona) Bowerbank, 1862 (basis of record)
Microciona Bowerbank, 1862 accepted as Clathria (Microciona) Bowerbank, 1862 (basis of record)
Microcionidae Carter, 1875 (basis of record)
Microcioninae Carter, 1875 (basis of record)
Ophlitaspongia Bowerbank, 1866 (additional source)
Ophlitaspongia papilla Bowerbank, 1866 (additional source)
Ophlitaspongiinae Laubenfels, 1936 (status source)
Paresperia Burton, 1930 accepted as Clathria (Paresperia) Burton, 1930 (basis of record)
Plocamia Schmidt, 1870 accepted as Antho (Plocamia) Schmidt, 1870 (additional source)
Plocamilla Topsent, 1928 accepted as Antho (Acarnia) Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Plocamiopsis Topsent, 1904 accepted as Antho (Acarnia) Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Quintoxilla de Laubenfels, 1950 accepted as Antho (Antho) Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Quintoxilla arcitenens (Topsent, 1892) accepted as Antho (Antho) arcitenens (Topsent, 1892) (basis of record)
Rhaphidophlus Ehlers, 1870 accepted as Clathria (Thalysias) Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 (basis of record)