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Xuefeng Li, Nathalie Roevros, Frank Dehairs, Lei Chou
Biological responses of the marine diatom Chaetoceros socialis to changing environmental conditions: A laboratory experiment
www.plosone.org
www.plosone.org
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/F13 1 Tf
1.9899 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(mol)Tj
2.3017 0 Td
(m)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 548.7874 659.8488 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 558.822 655.4267 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(s)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 562.3937 659.8488 cm
BT
/F13 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(1)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 570.2173 655.4267 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
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(\))Tj
-37.0202 -1.3039 Td
(with)Tj
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(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(14h/10h)Tj
3.5092 0 Td
(light/dark)Tj
4.1839 0 Td
(cycle.)Tj
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(cell)Tj
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(density)Tj
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(the)Tj
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(experiment)Tj
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(controlled)Tj
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(at)Tj
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(500)Tj
1.6441 0 Td
(cell)Tj
1.559 0 Td
(mL)Tj
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Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 245.6503 633.8267 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(-1)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 251.8299 629.4047 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.4422 0 Td
(Specific)Tj
3.3051 0 Td
(growth)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(rates)Tj
2.1033 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F13 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(\))Tj
1.4117 0 Td
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2.1203 0 Td
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1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
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(regression)Tj
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(the)Tj
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(logarithm)Tj
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1.0148 0 Td
(cell)Tj
1.5591 0 Td
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5.8223 0 Td
(against)Tj
3.0274 0 Td
(time)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(over)Tj
1.9729 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(exponential)Tj
4.8982 0 Td
(growth)Tj
3.0727 0 Td
(phase)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(for)Tj
-34.588 -1.3039 Td
(each)Tj
2.0295 0 Td
(treatment.)Tj
4.3596 0 Td
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1.6271 0 Td
(each)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
(treatment,)Tj
4.3596 0 Td
(there)Tj
2.2621 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7007 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(treatment)Tj
4.1386 0 Td
(without)Tj
3.3278 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(addition)Tj
3.6 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(dust)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(and)Tj
-34.5029 -1.2983 Td
(duplicates)Tj
4.2462 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9955 0 Td
(addition)Tj
3.6 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(100)Tj
1.6441 0 Td
(mg)Tj
1.508 0 Td
(L)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 345.4866 594.822 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(-1)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 353.8204 590.4 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(desert)Tj
2.6248 0 Td
(dust)Tj
1.9389 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0 Tc
(<)Tj
/F8 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
(63)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.279 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(m\))Tj
1.8879 0 Td
(after)Tj
2.0353 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(maximum)Tj
4.3767 0 Td
(growth)Tj
3.0727 0 Td
(was)Tj
-35.0642 -1.2982 Td
(reached.)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
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2.5455 0 Td
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1.2755 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(frequent)Tj
3.6056 0 Td
(measurements)Tj
6.032 0 Td
(during)Tj
2.931 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(exponential)Tj
4.8982 0 Td
(phase)Tj
2.4831 0 Td
(period,)Tj
3.0614 0 Td
(dust)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(parti-)Tj
-35.2796 -1.3039 Td
(cles)Tj
1.6724 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(added)Tj
2.6645 0 Td
(once)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(florescence)Tj
4.6601 0 Td
(value)Tj
2.3073 0 Td
(had)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(reached)Tj
3.3505 0 Td
(its)Tj
1.1452 0 Td
(maximum.)Tj
4.5978 0 Td
(During)Tj
3.1351 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(growth)Tj
3.0784 0 Td
(stage)Tj
-35.5007 -1.2983 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(experiments,)Tj
5.3631 0 Td
(various)Tj
3.1464 0 Td
(parameters)Tj
4.6714 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(monitored:)Tj
4.7168 0 Td
(pH,)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(alkalinity,)Tj
4.1385 0 Td
(pCO)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 502.9795 549.7511 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 506.5511 551.3952 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(,)Tj
0.4478 0 Td
(fluorescence,)Tj
-31.1014 -1.2982 Td
(turbidity,)Tj
3.9628 0 Td
(cell)Tj
1.559 0 Td
(abundance,)Tj
4.8189 0 Td
(chlorophyll-a)Tj
5.5842 0 Td
(\(Chl-a\),)Tj
3.3449 0 Td
(nutrients)Tj
3.8664 0 Td
(\(NO3,)Tj
2.7439 0 Td
(PO4)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(DSi\),)Tj
2.2619 0 Td
(dissolved)Tj
3.8948 0 Td
(Fe,)Tj
-35.7672 -1.3039 Td
(biogenic)Tj
3.6283 0 Td
(silica)Tj
2.2167 0 Td
(\(BSi\),)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(particulate)Tj
4.4617 0 Td
(organic)Tj
3.2372 0 Td
(carbon)Tj
3.0103 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(nitrogen)Tj
3.651 0 Td
(\(POC/PN\).)Tj
4.7168 0 Td
(BSi)Tj
1.5477 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.695 0 Td
(not)Tj
1.576 0 Td
(mea-)Tj
-33.919 -1.2983 Td
(sured)Tj
2.4321 0 Td
(after)Tj
2.0353 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(dust)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(addition)Tj
3.6 0 Td
(because)Tj
3.3165 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(presence)Tj
3.7077 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(important)Tj
4.286 0 Td
(lithogenic)Tj
4.1895 0 Td
(silica)Tj
2.2223 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(mineral)Tj
-33.7263 -1.2983 Td
(dust)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(particles)Tj
3.5603 0 Td
(added.)Tj
2.8856 0 Td
(In)Tj
1.1112 0 Td
(general,)Tj
3.3562 0 Td
(sampling)Tj
3.8835 0 Td
(frequency)Tj
4.1839 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7007 0 Td
(depending)Tj
4.4674 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(growth)Tj
3.0783 0 Td
(phase)Tj
2.4832 0 Td
(of)Tj
-35.3874 -1.2982 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(culture.)Tj
3.2655 0 Td
(Daily)Tj
2.3584 0 Td
(sampling)Tj
3.8778 0 Td
(was)Tj
1.7008 0 Td
(done)Tj
2.2223 0 Td
(during)Tj
2.931 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(exponential)Tj
4.8982 0 Td
(phase,)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(also)Tj
1.7688 0 Td
(every)Tj
2.347 0 Td
(two)Tj
1.7121 0 Td
(or)Tj
-34.4576 -1.3039 Td
(three)Tj
2.262 0 Td
(days)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(during)Tj
2.9253 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(lag)Tj
1.3663 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(decline)Tj
3.084 0 Td
(phase.)Tj
2.7043 0 Td
(Samples)Tj
3.4979 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(directly)Tj
3.2314 0 Td
(taken)Tj
2.4208 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2053 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(incubation)Tj
-32.4904 -1.2983 Td
(bottles)Tj
2.8573 0 Td
(with)Tj
2.0012 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(sterile)Tj
2.6135 0 Td
(syringe,)Tj
3.3336 0 Td
(always)Tj
2.8346 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9524 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(same)Tj
2.262 0 Td
(time)Tj
2.0239 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(day)Tj
1.6328 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0374 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(light)Tj
2.0239 0 Td
(cycle,)Tj
2.4207 0 Td
(after)Tj
2.0352 0 Td
(gentle)Tj
-34.1061 -1.2983 Td
(shaking)Tj
3.3165 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(incubation)Tj
4.5467 0 Td
(bottles.)Tj
-9.1558 -1.3039 Td
(Samples)Tj
3.4979 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(analyses)Tj
3.481 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(dissolved)Tj
3.9004 0 Td
(nutrients)Tj
3.8608 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(Fe)Tj
1.1735 0 Td
(speciation)Tj
4.269 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(filtered)Tj
3.0669 0 Td
(through)Tj
-32.1672 -1.2983 Td
(0.4)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.3946 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(m)Tj
1.5477 0 Td
(pore)Tj
2.041 0 Td
(size)Tj
1.6837 0 Td
(Nuclepore)Tj
4.3937 0 Td
(filters)Tj
2.4775 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(stored)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(15-mL)Tj
2.8743 0 Td
(centrifuge)Tj
4.2576 0 Td
(tubes.)Tj
2.5625 0 Td
(For)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(NO3)Tj
2.1769 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(PO4,)Tj
-34.2479 -1.2982 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(filtrates)Tj
3.2088 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(kept)Tj
1.9559 0 Td
(frozen)Tj
2.7723 0 Td
(until)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(analysis.)Tj
3.549 0 Td
(For)Tj
1.6271 0 Td
(DSi,)Tj
1.9275 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(filtrates)Tj
3.2088 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(acidified)Tj
3.6452 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(pH)Tj
1.508 0 Td
(value)Tj
-34.3669 -1.3039 Td
(close)Tj
2.177 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(3)Tj
0.6973 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(stored)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9524 0 Td
(4C.)Tj
1.9786 0 Td
(For)Tj
1.6214 0 Td
(dissolved)Tj
3.9004 0 Td
(Fe)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(analyses,)Tj
3.7077 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(filtrates)Tj
3.2031 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(acidified)Tj
3.6452 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(pH)Tj
1.5024 0 Td
(value)Tj
-35.2967 -1.2983 Td
(close)Tj
2.177 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0261 0 Td
(1)Tj
0.6973 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7292 0 Td
(kept)Tj
1.9558 0 Td
(at)Tj
0.9525 0 Td
(4C)Tj
1.7518 0 Td
(until)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(analysis.)Tj
3.549 0 Td
(Samples)Tj
3.4979 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(40)Tj
1.1736 0 Td
(mL)Tj
1.576 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(chl-a)Tj
2.1997 0 Td
(measurement)Tj
5.6691 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.126 0 Td
(filtered)Tj
-34.5937 -1.2983 Td
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3.4412 0 Td
(25)Tj
1.1736 0 Td
(mm)Tj
1.8595 0 Td
(Whatman)Tj
4.2462 0 Td
(GF/F)Tj
2.3244 0 Td
(glass)Tj
2.0863 0 Td
(fibre)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(filters,)Tj
2.7042 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(filters)Tj
2.4774 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(stored)Tj
2.7099 0 Td
(frozen)Tj
2.7722 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(centri-)Tj
-34.2195 -1.2982 Td
(fuge)Tj
1.9162 0 Td
(tubes)Tj
2.3301 0 Td
(wrapped)Tj
3.685 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9899 0 Td
(aluminium)Tj
4.6658 0 Td
(foil)Tj
1.525 0 Td
(prior)Tj
2.245 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(analysis.)Tj
3.5433 0 Td
(Samples)Tj
3.4866 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.3833 0 Td
(BSi)Tj
1.5307 0 Td
(analysis)Tj
3.3164 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1147 0 Td
(filtered)Tj
-34.7468 -1.3039 Td
(onto)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(0.4)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
1.3946 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(M)Tj
1.6214 0 Td
(25)Tj
1.1679 0 Td
(mm)Tj
1.8595 0 Td
(polycarbonate)Tj
5.8961 0 Td
(filters)Tj
2.4717 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7348 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(filters)Tj
2.4718 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(kept)Tj
1.9559 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6577 0 Td
(petri)Tj
2.0976 0 Td
(dish)Tj
1.9048 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6576 0 Td
(freezer)Tj
-33.6299 -1.2983 Td
(until)Tj
2.1089 0 Td
(analysis.)Tj
3.549 0 Td
(Samples)Tj
3.4979 0 Td
(for)Tj
1.389 0 Td
(POC/PN)Tj
3.8097 0 Td
(analyses)Tj
3.4866 0 Td
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2.1203 0 Td
(collected)Tj
3.7417 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1792 0 Td
(filtration)Tj
3.7474 0 Td
(onto)Tj
2.0805 0 Td
(pre-combusted)Tj
-30.7102 -1.2983 Td
(\(500C,)Tj
3.2655 0 Td
(4h\))Tj
1.5647 0 Td
(Whatman)Tj
4.2463 0 Td
(GF/F)Tj
2.3244 0 Td
(glass)Tj
2.0862 0 Td
(fibre)Tj
2.075 0 Td
(filters)Tj
2.4775 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(kept)Tj
1.9559 0 Td
(frozen)Tj
2.7722 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0318 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6577 0 Td
(petri)Tj
2.0976 0 Td
(dish)Tj
1.9049 0 Td
(until)Tj
2.1032 0 Td
(analysis.)Tj
-32.292 -1.3039 Td
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2.8119 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(analysis,)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(filters)Tj
2.4775 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(exposed)Tj
3.4469 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0205 0 Td
(strong)Tj
2.7722 0 Td
(HCl)Tj
1.8992 0 Td
(fumes)Tj
2.6419 0 Td
(overnight)Tj
4.0819 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.026 0 Td
(remove)Tj
3.2201 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(car-)Tj
-35.4781 -1.2983 Td
(bonates)Tj
3.2995 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(filters.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
11.9999 0 0 11.9999 200.0125 256.0251 cm
BT
/F0 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0033 Tc
0 0 Td
(2.3)Tj
1.5921 0 Td
(Desert)Tj
3.137 0 Td
(dust)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 200.0125 239.0173 cm
BT
/F8 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(Desert)Tj
2.8346 0 Td
(dust)Tj
1.9332 0 Td
(particles)Tj
3.5603 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F15 1 Tf
0 Tc
(<)Tj
/F8 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
(63)Tj
/F13 1 Tf
2.2847 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
(m\))Tj
1.8879 0 Td
(used)Tj
2.0579 0 Td
(in)Tj
1.0375 0 Td
(our)Tj
1.627 0 Td
(experiments)Tj
5.1364 0 Td
(were)Tj
2.1203 0 Td
(sampled)Tj
3.5546 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.2054 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(Kubuqi)Tj
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