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Sedimentology and chemostratigraphy of the terminal Ediacaran Dengying Formation at the Gaojiashan section, South China
Cui, H.; Xiao, S.; Cai, Y.; Peek, S.; Plummer, R.E.; Kaufman, A.J. (2019). Sedimentology and chemostratigraphy of the terminal Ediacaran Dengying Formation at the Gaojiashan section, South China. Geol. Mag. 156(11): 1924-1948. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0016756819000293
In: Geological Magazine. Cambridge University Press: London. ISSN 0016-7568; e-ISSN 1469-5081
Peer reviewed article  
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Author keywords
    geobiology; animal biomineralization; authigenesis; aragonite;karstification; alkalinity; Cloudina
Auteurs  Top 
  • Cui, H.
  • Xiao, S.
  • Cai, Y.
  • Peek, S.
  • Plummer, R.E.
  • Kaufman, A.J.
Abstract
    The terminal Ediacaran Dengying Formation (c. 551.1–538.8 Ma) in South China is one of two successions where Ediacara-type macrofossils are preserved in carbonate facies along with skeletal fossils and bilaterian animal traces. Given the remarkable thickness of carbonate-bearing strata deposited in less than 12.3 million years, the Dengying Formation holds the potential for construction of a relatively continuous chemostratigraphic profile for the terminal Ediacaran Period. In this study, a detailed sedimentological and chemostratigraphic (d13Ccarb, d18Ocarb, d13Corg, d34Spyrite, and 87Sr/86Sr) investigation was conducted on the Dengying Formation at the Gaojiashan section, Ningqiang County of southern Shaanxi Province, South China. Sedimentological results reveal an overall shallow-marine depositional environment. Carbonate breccia, void-filling botryoidal precipitates and aragonite crystal fans are common in the Algal Dolomite Member of the Dengying Formation, suggesting that peritidal facies were repeatedly karstified. The timing of karstification was likely early, probably soon after the deposition of the dolomite sediments. The presence of authigenic aragonite cements suggests high alkalinity in the terminal Ediacaran ocean. Geochemical analysis of micro-drilled samples shows that distinct compositions are registered in different carbonate phases, which should be considered when constructing chemostratigraphic profiles representative of true temporal variations in seawater chemistry. Integrated chemostratigraphic data suggest enhanced burial of organic carbon and pyrite, and the occurrence of extensive marine anoxia (at least in the Gaojiashan Member). Rapid basinal subsidence and carbonate accumulation during a time of elevated seawater alkalinity and increased rates of pyrite burial may have facilitated the evolutionary innovation of early biomineralizing metazoans.
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STARDUST II is a project funded by the INTERREG III A programme (France/Walloon Region/Flanders French-Flemish subprogramme) of the European Community's Regional Development Fund.
Hosted by the Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)