Offshore and multi-use aquaculture with extractive species: seaweeds and bivalves
Buck, B.H.; Nevejan, N.; Wille, M.; Chambers, M.D.; Chopin, T. (2017). Offshore and multi-use aquaculture with extractive species: seaweeds and bivalves, in: Buck, B.H. et al.Aquaculture perspective of multi-use sites in the open ocean. pp. 23-69. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51159-7_2
In: Buck, B.H.; Langan, R. (Ed.) (2017). Aquaculture perspective of multi-use sites in the open ocean. Springer International Publishing: Cham. ISBN 978-3-319-51157-3. XXII, 404 pp. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51159-7
Aquaculture of extractive species, such as bivalves and macroalgae, already supplies a large amount of the production consumed worldwide, and further production is steadily increasing. Moving aquaculture operations off the coast as well as combining various uses at one site, commonly called multi-use aquaculture, is still in its infancy. Various projects worldwide, pioneered in Germany and later accompanied by other European projects, such as in Belgium, The Netherlands, Norway, as well as other international projects in the Republic of Korea and the USA, to name a few, started to invest in robust technologies and to investigate in system design needed that species can be farmed to market size in high energy environments. There are a few running enterprises with extractive species offshore, however, multi-use scenarios as well as offshore IMTA concepts are still on project scale. This will change soon as the demand is dramatically increasing and space is limited.
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