Supercritical CO2 extraction of Nannochloropsis sp.: a lipidomic study on the influence of pretreatment on yield and composition
Elst, K.; Maesen, M.; Jacobs, G.; Bastiaens, L.; Voorspoels, S.; Servaes, K. (2018). Supercritical CO2 extraction of Nannochloropsis sp.: a lipidomic study on the influence of pretreatment on yield and composition. Molecules 23(8): 1854. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081854
Nannochloropsis sp.; supercritical CO2 extraction; microalgae;pretreatment; lipidomic; UHPLC-PDA-HR-MS; glycolipids; phospholipids;glycerides; mass transfer limitations
Algal lipids have gained wide interest in various applications ranging from biofuels to nutraceuticals. Given their complex nature composed of different lipid classes, a deep knowledge between extraction conditions and lipid characteristics is essential. In this paper, we investigated the influence of different pretreatments on lipid extraction with supercritical CO2 by a lipidomic approach. Pretreatment was found to double the total extraction yield, thereby reaching 23.1 wt.% comparable to the 26.9 wt.% obtained with chloroform/methanol. An increase in acylglycerides was concurrently observed, together with a nearly doubling of free fatty acids indicative of partial hydrolysis. Moreover, an alteration in the distribution of glyco- and phospholipids was noted, especially promoting digalactosyldiglycerides and phosphatidylcholine as compared to monogalactosyldiglycerides and phosphatidylglycerol. At optimized conditions, supercritical CO2 extraction provided a lipid extract richer in neutral lipids and poorer in phospholipids as compared to chloroform/methanol, though with a very similar fatty acid distribution within each lipid class.
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