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Phosphorus speciation, transformation and retention in the Scheldt estuary (Belgium/the Netherlands) from the freshwater tidal limits to the North Sea
van der Zee, C.; Roevros, N.; Chou, L. (2007). Phosphorus speciation, transformation and retention in the Scheldt estuary (Belgium/the Netherlands) from the freshwater tidal limits to the North Sea. Mar. Chem. 106(1-2): 76-91. dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2007.01.003
Peer reviewed article  
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Keywords
    Chemical elements > Nonmetals > Phosphorus
    Brackish water; Fresh water
Author keywords
    Phosphorus; P budget; Nitrogen; Scheldt River; Estuary
Authors  Top 
Abstract
    Nutrient delivery to the Belgian coastal zone is to a great extent through the Scheldt estuary. We have measured the phosphate (PO4), poly-phosphate (poly-P), dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), particulate inorganic phosphorus (PIP) and particulate organic phosphorus (POP) concentrations at the freshwater tidal limits of the Scheldt estuary, along the salinity gradient and in the coastal zone during one year. In addition, nitrate (NO3), nitrite (NO2), ammonium (NH4), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and particulate nitrogen (PN) were determined in the freshwater Scheldt sub-basin and NO3, NO2 and NH4 in the Rupel sub-basin, the Scheldt estuary and the coastal zone. The behaviour of each P species along the continuum from the freshwater tidal limits to the coastal zone is discussed. Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) budgets were made for the Scheldt sub-basin during the productive period (May–September). The main P and N transformation processes were identified as PO4 sorption, algal uptake and nitrification. Retention of P and N in the entire freshwater tidal area was estimated. In the brackish part of the estuary, there was no net source or sink of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). Desorption of PO4 was the most important transformation process for P along the salinity gradient. The PO4 pool increased and the PIP pool decreased, while total P behaved conservatively. Mass balance calculations show that the transformation of particulate P to PO4 enhances the PO4 flux from the Scheldt to the coastal zone.
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