Submarine paleoseismology based on turbidite records
In: Carlson, C.A.; Giovannoni, S.J. (2011). Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci. 3. Annual Review of Marine Science, 3. Annual Reviews: Palo Alto. ISBN 978-0-8243-4503-7. 599 pp., more
In: Annual Review of Marine Science. Annual Reviews: Palo Alto, Calif. ISSN 1941-1405; e-ISSN 1941-0611, more
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| Keywords |
Earth sciences > Geophysics > Seismology
Environments > Palaeoenvironments
Sediments > Clastics > Turbidites
Marine/Coastal |
| Author keywords |
subduction zones; litho-stratigraphic correlation; earthquake recurrencehistory; turbidites; earthquakes |
| Abstract |
Many of the largest earthquakes are generated at subduction zones or other plate boundary fault systems near enough to the coast that marine environments may record evidence of them. During and shortly after large earthquakes in the coastal and marine environments, a spectrum of evidence may be left behind, mirroring onshore paleoseismic evidence. Shaking or displacement of the seafloor can trigger processes such as turbidity currents, submarine landslides, tsunami (which may be recorded both onshore and offshore), and soft-sediment deformation. Marine sites may also share evidence of fault scarps, colluvial wedges, offset features, and liquefaction or fluid expulsion with their onshore counterparts. This article reviews the use of submarine turbidite deposits for paleoseismology, focuses on the dating and correlation techniques used to establish stratigraphic continuity of marine deposits, and outlines criteria for distinguishing earthquake deposits and the strategies used to acquire suitable samples and data for marine paleoseismology. |
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