Extracellular enzyme-clay mineral complexes: enzyme adsorption, alteration of enzyme activity, and protection from photodegradation
Tietjen, T.; Wetzel, R.G. (2003). Extracellular enzyme-clay mineral complexes: enzyme adsorption, alteration of enzyme activity, and protection from photodegradation. Aquat. Ecol. 37(4): 331-339
In: Aquatic Ecology. Springer: Dordrecht; London; Boston. ISSN 1386-2588; e-ISSN 1573-5125, more
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| Keywords |
Agents > Inhibitors > Enzyme inhibitors
Chemical reactions > Photochemical reactions
Chemical reactions > Photochemical reactions > Photolysis
Enzymatic activity
Minerals > Silicate minerals > Clay minerals
Organic matter > Dissolved organic matter
Sorption > Adsorption
USA, Alabama, Elledge L. [Marine Regions]
Fresh water |
| Authors | | Top |
- Tietjen, T.
- Wetzel, R.G., correspondent
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| Abstract |
Enzymes released extracellularly by micro-organisms have major functions in nutrient acquisition and organic matter degradation. Clay particles, common in many surface waters, can modify enzyme activity. Clay minerals are known to form aggregates with organic molecules, and the formation of enzyme-clay complexes could alter the level of activity. Montmorillonite clay and clay extracted from Elledge Lake (Tuscaloosa, Alabama) basin soil were combined with alkaline phosphatase, glucosidase, protease, and xylosidase solutions to assess adsorption and the effect of this adsorption on enzyme activity. Adsorption to Elledge Lake basin clay decreased alkaline phosphatase activity, and adsorption to montmorillonite was observed for all four enzymes with reductions in enzyme activities. Adsorption of substrate onto clay surfaces resulted in a concentration effect and increased enzyme activity associated with the particles. When enzyme-clay complexes were exposed to natural sunlight there was a decrease in enzyme activity, but this decrease was usually not significantly different from the adsorption only treatment. The formation of enzyme-clay complexes may serve to protect the enzymes from natural in situ photodegradation. The results indicate the complex interactive effects adsorption of enzymes to clay particles can have on the availability and capability of hydrolysis - reduction of enzyme reactivity, storage attached to clay particles with changes in transport and distribution, and protection from photodegradation. |
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