The dataset was generated for the paper entitled "A complete formula of ocean surface absolute geostrophic currents" in the Nature Scientific Reports, hosted on the Marine Data Archive and NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) websites. This dataset was established from two open sources: (1) geoid undulation (N) from EIGEN-6C4, which is a static global combined gravity field model up to degree and order 2190, and (2) "World ocean geostrophic velocity inverted from World Ocean Atlas 2013 with the P-vector method" (NCEI accession 0121576). With the given non-positive values of N in the oceans, absolute geostrophic currents (u, v) are easily obtained on N with 1o×1o resolution from the second dataset except the equatorial zone (5oS ⍊ 5oN) due to the non-existence of the geostrophic balance. Data clearly show that the theoretical hypothesis "no oceanic motion on the marine geoid N" prevailing in both marine geodetic and oceanographic communities should be rejected.